Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) harness a range of separation media, with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films standing out for their durability. This analysis focuses on the efficacy of PVDF structures within MBRs, considering factors such as flux, rejection, and biofilm accumulation. The study investigates the impact of operating parameters like fee

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are gaining popularity in wastewater treatment due to their ability to produce high-quality effluent. A key factor influencing MBR output is the selection and optimization of the membrane module. The configuration of the module, including the type of membrane read more material, pore size, and surface area, directly im